Distillation is used to separate and purify liquids based on differences in their boiling points in laboratory and industrial processes.
Common types include simple, fractional, vacuum, and steam distillation, each suited for specific separation needs.
A typical setup includes a boiling flask, condenser, distillation head, and receiving flask for collecting purified liquid.
It is used to separate liquids with close boiling points using a fractionating column for better efficiency.
Vacuum distillation reduces pressure to allow separation at lower temperatures, ideal for heat-sensitive substances.
It is widely used in pharmaceuticals, chemical research, water purification, and essential oil extraction industries.
