Krebs-Ringer Phosphate HEPES Buffer with 20 mM HEPES, Calcium and Magnesium, without Phenol Red

Krebs-Ringer Phosphate Buffer contains 20mM HEPES buffer, Calcium and Magnesium. HEPES is a zwitterionic buffer with a pKa of 7.3 at 37 °C, which stabilizes the pH by minimizing the initial alkalinization commonly observed at the onset of cell culture, thereby enhancing the overall buffering capacity of the medium. It does not contain phenol red. All media used in tissue culture have a basis of a synthetic mixture of inorganic salts known as a physiological or balanced salt solution (BSS). All the physiological salt solutions have been derived from the salt solution originally described by Sydney Ringer (1885). The first balanced salt solution to be developed specifically for supporting the metabolism of mammalian cells was Tyrode's solution. Since then many modifications have been done to obtain better buffering salt solutions and to prevent calcium precipitation. The function of a salt solution is: To maintain the medium within physiological pH range. To maintain intracellular and extra cellular osmotic balance. Modified with a carbohydrate, such as glucose serves as an energy source for cell metabolism. TS1152 is Krebs-Ringer phosphate HEPES buffer with 20mM HEPES buffer, Calcium and Magnesium. It does not contain phenol red.